24.+Baroque+Art

The foundations of 17th century Southern European Art were formed in the 16th century: 1492 Expulsion of Jews and Moors from Spain 1534 Counter-reformation begins – a movement within the church to bring about a revival of religious faith as a way to fight the **Protestant Reformation** begun by Martin Luther in 1517. 1542 The **Universal Inquisition** was established – strong effort to censor printed matter. 1545 The **Council of Trent** convened from 1545-1563 to undertake reform and reaffirm dogma within the Churches various orders established as a part of the **Counter Reformation** agenda including the Carmelite order (Saint Teresa), Jesuit Order (Ignatius Loyola), and the missionary work of Francis Xavier. History in 17th Century in Southern Europe: 1618-1648 **The Thirty Years War** begins as a religious conflict but soon involves most of Europe and results in nation building. The Treaty of Westpahlia grants religious freedom across Europe.  **World-wide mercantilism** – international trade networks with old and new world (and Africa), supported by the slave trade, trade with the Far East and newly developed ideas of diplomacy. Santa Susanna, Rome || 1615 || Scala Regia, Vatican || 1660 ||
 * Southern Baroque Art: Italy and Spain ** (c. 1600 - c. 1700)
 * CONTEXT: **
 * CONTEXT: **
 * < **WORKS Of Art** ||  ||   ||
 * < **Architecture** ||  ||   ||
 * < Della Porta || façade of Il Gesu || 1580 ||
 * < Maderno || facade of Saint Peter’s
 * < Bernini || Colonnade for Saint Peter’s

Borromini……………….San arlo, St. Ivo, Rome…………………………………………………………1670 Conversion of Saint Paul, Calling of Saint Matthew, Death of the Virgin, Entombment and other paintings. Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes…….1625 Ceiling frescoes in the Palazzo Farnese………1600 Glorification of Saint Ignatious………………1695 David, Cornaro Chapel / Ecstacy of Saint Teresa...1650 Baldacchino
 * WORKS OF ART **
 * Architecture **
 * Painting ** : Italy
 * Caravaggio **
 * Gentileschi **
 * Carracci **
 * Pozzo **
 * Sculpture**
 * Bernini**

** Velasquez ** Juan de Pareja, Las Meninas, Water Carrier of Seville tenebrism…………. Italian style of Painting that violently contrasts light and dark(RK) trompe l’oeil…………………. an art technique involving extremely realistic imagery in order to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects appear in three-dimensions, instead of actually being a two-dimensional painting.(RK) ignud………………….. impasto……………………. refers to a technique used in painting, where paint is laid on an area of the surface very thickly, usually thickly enough that the brush or painting-knife strokes are visible (RK) putti…………………….. figure of a pudgy human baby often with wings that was common in Renaissance Art (RK) perspective illusionism..................
 * Painting: ** Spain
 * Vocabulary: ** Counter Reformation……………… the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the Thirty Years' War, 1648.(RK)