29.+Europe+and+America+in+18th+Century

Chapter 29 ** __Rococo__ ~ is a style of 18th century French art and interior design. Rococo rooms were designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate furniture, small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and tapestry complementing architecture, reliefs, and wall paintings. Naturalism The Enlightenment __Neoclassicism- __
 * 18th (1700-1800) CENTURY in Northern Europe
 * HISTORICAL CONTEXT: **
 * ** 1. ** || ** Exploration of the new world ** || Emergence of Britain as a dominant maritime power. ||
 * ** 2. ** || ** Colonialism ** || The beginning of colonization of Africa, India, and the South seas. ||
 * ** 3. ** || ** The Age of Enlightenment ** || Great advances in the pure and natural sciences; the decline of the Church. ||
 * ** 4. ** || ** Rise of the academies ** || Theoretical writing and training of artists in Royal Academies and Societies. ||
 * ** 5. ** || ** Beginning of democratic movements ** || Growing demoncratic movements and revolutions ||
 * ** 6. ** || ** The great age of music ** || Handel, Bach, Mozart, Hayden ||
 * ** 7. ** || ** New archeological discoveries ** || Herculaneum (1709) and Pompeii (1748) lead to Neoclassicism ||
 * ** 8. ** || ** Decline of Monarchies ** || French revolution of 1789 and the decline of absolute monarchies in Europe ||
 * ** 9. ** || ** Beginning of the Industrial Revolution ** || Begins with the invention of the steam engine and electricity ||


 * 18th Century Styles: **
 * ** Rococo painting ** - Escapism- the pursuit of happiness and love

|| Watteau || Pilgrimage to Cythera The Swing || 1717 1766 || genre painting || Chardin || Saying Grace || 1740 ||
 * || Boucher || Cupid a Captive || 1754 ||
 * ** Rococo architecture ** || Boffrand || Salon de la Princesse || 1740 ||
 * || De Cuvillies || Hall of Mirrors, Amalienberg || Early 18th century ||
 * || Neumann || Pilgrimage church of Vierzehnheiligen || 1770 ||
 * ** Rococo sculpture ** || Clodion || Satyr || 1770 ||
 * ** Naturalism **
 * || Vigee-Lebrun || Self-Portrait || 1790 ||
 * Political commentary-strum and drang || Hogarth || Breakfast Scene from Marriage a la Mode || 1745 ||
 * ** The “Grand Style” ** || Gainsborough || Mrs. Richard Brinsley Sheridan || 1787 ||
 * || Reynolds || Lord Heathfield || 1787 ||
 * || West || Death of General Wolf || 1771 ||
 * ** Neoclassism ** - Painting

|| Kauffman || Cornelius Presenting her Children as Treasures || 1785 || Death of Marat || 1784 1793 ||
 * || David || Oath of Horatii
 * ** Neoclassism ** -Architecture

|| Soufflot || Pantheon || 1790 ||
 * || Boyle and Kent || Chiswick House || 1725 ||
 * || Jefferson || Monticello || 1800 ||
 * ** Neoclassicism ** -Sculpture

|| Greenough || George Washington || 1840 ||


 * VOCABULARY **
 * Rococo || // fete galante // || melodious flow || complex symmetries ||
 * chinoiserie || sturm und drang || sensibility || picturesque ||
 * escapism || Grand Tour || antiquarianism || arabesques ||